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eBook details

• Title: Septuagint: Esther (Alpha Version)
• Author : Scriptural Research Institute
• Release Date : January 13, 2019
• Genre: Bible Studies,Books,Religion & Spirituality,Judaism,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 232 KB

Description

There are two versions of the Book of Esther the various copies of the Septuagint, however, neither originated at the Library of Alexandria. The common version of Esther is found in almost all copies, while the rare version is only found in four know manuscripts, numbered as 19, 93, 108, and 319. This version follows the rare version, also known as the Alpha version, using the oldest surviving copy as a source text, the Septuagint manuscript 319, while also comparing the other surviving manuscripts: 19, 93, and 108.

In addition to the two copies of the Book of Esther found in the Septuagint manuscripts, there are two additional surviving copies of the Book of Esther, one is found in the Masoretic Texts, while the other is found among the Vetus Latina manuscripts. The Masoretic Texts are the Hebrew translations of the ancient Israelite and Judahite books that form the core of the modern Tanakh which is used by Rabbinical Jews, while the Vetus Latina manuscripts are the Latin translations of the ancient books that were made before Jerome's official Latin translation of the Catholic/Orthodox Christian Bible, published circa 405 AD. Each of these texts is unique, however, all appear to derive from earlier Aramaic texts.

The Alpha Texts version only survives in a few copies of the Septuagint, and based on its dialect, it was translated somewhere in the Seleucid Empire. The Alpha version is probably the oldest of the four translations, as it includes several unique elements that appear to have disappeared in later translations. One of these unique elements is the use of the month name Adar-Nisan, which is then clarified in a scribal note as being Dystros-Xandicos. Dystros-Xandicos was not a month, but two months on the modified Macedonian calendar used by the Seleucid Empire. As the story is set in the Persian Empire, the calendar in use was either the Persian calendar, or the Babylonian calendar. The names are the same as the Hebrew calendar, which are themselves based on the Babylonian Calendar, suggesting that this was the calendar the author used.

The Alpha version of Esther's version of the month, 'Adar-Nisan' which is 'Dystros Xandicos,' is a curiosity. Adar-Nisan is not a month, however, may be an archaic attempt to refer to Adar Bet, the second month of Adar that falls between Adar Aleph and Nisan in leap years. The Hebrew calendar was derived from the Babylonian calendar, which was itself a descendant of the Akkadian calendar, which in turn was descended from the Sumerian calendar used in Ur. It is a lunisolar calendar, with 12 lunar months each year, and an additional intercalary month every two or three years, for a total of seven leap years every 19 years. The calendar was in use among the various nations of Mesopotamia since at least the 3rd millennium BC, however, it is believed the intercalary month was added during the Old Babylonian Empire, in the early 2nd millennium BC. The name Hebrew name Nisan is derived from the Akkadian Nissan. The Sumerians had previously called the month Bar. The Hebrew name Adar is likewise derived from the Akkadian Addari, which the Sumerians likely pronounced as She. This second month of Adar was established in the Babylonian calendar long before the Judahites were taken captive by Nebuchadnezzar, and was called Addaru Arku. It is unclear what the Judahites would have called it in the early Persian era when the book it set.

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